Interestingly, no historical bibliometric study analysing the knowledge development in this specific paediatric field has been performed yet, thus our study aimed to close this gap. References Publication Years Spectrography (RPYS), more precisely CitedReferenceExplorer (CRE) software tool was employed to achieve this aim. We identified 28 influential papers and domain experts validation showed that both, the RPYS method and CRE tool performed adequately in in the identification process. Key words: Artificial intelligence, Paediatrics, Bibliometrics, Influential papers, RPYS, CRE INTRODUCTION The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine can be traced back to 1963 when Rand Corporation published its memorandum on AI and brain mechanisms (Maron 1963). The descriptions of some of the first practical applications were published in 1968.